Notes on the theory of the actor- network: Ordering, strategy, and heterogeneity. This paper describes the theory of the actor- network, a body of theoretical and empirical writing which treats social relations, including power and organization, as network effects. The theory is distinctive because it insists that networks are materially heterogeneous and argues that society and organization would not exist if they were simply social. Agents, texts, devices, architectures are all generated in, form part of, and are essential to, the networks of the social. And in the first instance, all should be analyzed in the same terms. Accordingly, in this view, the task of sociology is to characterize the ways in which materials join together to generate themselves and reproduce institutional and organizational patterns in the networks of the social. Key wordsactor- network translation heterogeneity agency technology strategy ordering punctualization power materialism. Cambridge University Press - Wikipedia. Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII in 1. History. Cambridge University Press is both the oldest publishing house in the world and the oldest university press. It originated from Letters Patent granted to the. This paper describes the theory of the actor-network, a body of theoretical and empirical writing which treats social relations, including power and organization, as. This course consists of an international analysis of the impact of epidemic diseases on western society and culture from the bubonic plague to HIV/AIDS and the recent. You may have arrived at this page because you followed a link to one of our old platforms that cannot be redirected. Cambridge Core is the new academic platform from. Oxford University Press).[1][2] It also holds letters patent as the Queen's Printer.[3]The Press's mission is "To further the University's mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence."[4]Cambridge University Press is a department of the University of Cambridge and is both an academic and educational publisher. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 4. Its publishing includes academic journals, monographs, reference works, textbooks, and English- language teaching and learning publications. Cambridge University Press is a charitable enterprise that transfers part of its annual surplus back to the university. History[edit]Cambridge University Press is both the oldest publishing house in the world and the oldest university press. It originated from Letters Patent granted to the University of Cambridge by Henry VIII in 1. University Press book was printed. Cambridge is one of the two privileged presses (the other being Oxford University Press). Authors published by Cambridge have included John Milton, William Harvey, Isaac Newton, Bertrand Russell, and Stephen Hawking.[5]University printing began in Cambridge when the first practising University Printer, Thomas Thomas, set up a printing house on the site of what became the Senate House lawn – a few yards from where the Press's bookshop now stands. In those days, the Stationers' Company in London jealously guarded its monopoly of printing, which partly explains the delay between the date of the University's Letters Patent and the printing of the first book. In 1. 59. 1, Thomas's successor, John Legate, printed the first Cambridge Bible, an octavo edition of the popular Geneva Bible. The London Stationers objected strenuously, claiming that they had the monopoly on Bible printing. The university's response was to point out the provision in its charter to print 'all manner of books'. Thus began the Press's tradition of publishing the Bible, a tradition that has endured for over four centuries, beginning with the Geneva Bible, and continuing with the Authorized Version, the Revised Version, the New English Bible and the Revised English Bible. The restrictions and compromises forced upon Cambridge by the dispute with the London Stationers did not really come to an end until the scholar Richard Bentley was given the power to set up a 'new- style press' in 1. In July 1. 69. 7 the Duke of Somerset made a loan of £2. James Halman, Registrary of the University, lent £1. It was in Bentley's time, in 1. Curators', known from 1. Syndics') was appointed to be responsible to the university for the Press's affairs. The Press Syndicate's publishing committee still meets regularly (eighteen times a year), and its role still includes the review and approval of the Press's planned output. John Baskerville became University Printer in the mid- eighteenth century. Baskerville's concern was the production of the finest possible books using his own type- design and printing techniques.The University Printing House, on the main site of the Press.Baskerville wrote, "The importance of the work demands all my attention; not only for my own (eternal) reputation; but (I hope) also to convince the world, that the University in the honour done me has not entirely misplaced their favours." Caxton would have found nothing to surprise him if he had walked into the Press's printing house in the eighteenth century: all the type was still being set by hand; wooden presses, capable of producing only 1,0. on this page. A technological breakthrough was badly needed, and it came when Lord Stanhope perfected the making of stereotype plates. This involved making a mould of the whole surface of a page of type and then casting plates from that mould. The Press was the first to use this technique, and in 1. Cambridge Stereotype Bible. The letters patent of Cambridge University Press by Henry VIII allow the Press to print "all manner of books". The fine initial with the king's portrait inside it and the large first line of script are still discernible. By the 1. 85. 0s the Press was using steam- powered machine presses, employing two to three hundred people, and occupying several buildings in the Silver Street and Mill Lane area, including the one that the Press still occupies, the Pitt Building (1. Press and in honour of William Pitt the Younger. Under the stewardship of C. J. Clay, who was University Printer from 1. Press increased the size and scale of its academic and educational publishing operation. An important factor in this increase was the inauguration of its list of schoolbooks (including what came to be known as the 'Pitt Press Series'). During Clay's administration, the Press also undertook a sizable co- publishing venture with Oxford: the Revised Version of the Bible, which was begun in 1. It was in this period as well that the Syndics of the Press turned down what later became the Oxford English Dictionary—a proposal for which was brought to Cambridge by James Murray (lexicographer) before he turned to Oxford. The appointment of R. T. Wright as Secretary of the Press Syndicate in 1. Press's development as a modern publishing business with a clearly defined editorial policy and administrative structure. It was Wright (with two great historians, Lord Acton and F. W. Maitland) who devised the plan for one of the most distinctive Cambridge contributions to publishing—the Cambridge Histories. The Cambridge Modern History was published between 1. Nine years later the Press issued the first volumes of the freshly edited complete works of Shakespeare, a project of nearly equal scope that was not finished until 1. The Press's list in science and mathematics began to thrive, with men of the stature of Albert Einstein and Ernest Rutherford subsequently becoming Press authors. The Press's impressive contribution to journal publishing began in 1. In 1. 99. 2 the Press opened its own bookshop at 1 Trinity Street, in the centre of Cambridge. Books have been sold continuously on this site since at least 1. Britain.[7]In 2. 01.Press decided to end the tradition of printing after 4.Governance[edit].The Pitt Building in Cambridge, which used to be the headquarters of Cambridge University Press, and now serves as a conference centre for the Press.The Press has, since 1. . Press 'Syndics' (originally known as the 'Curators'),[8] made up of 1.University of Cambridge who represent a wide variety of subjects.[9] The Syndicate has several sub- committees: an Operating Board, an Academic Publishing Committee, an ELT & Education Publishing Committee, and an Audit Committee. The Operating Board oversees the Press's financial, strategic and operational affairs, while the two Publishing Committees provide quality assurance and formal approval of the publishing strategy.[1. The Chair of the Syndicate is currently Sir David Bell. The operational responsibility of the Press is delegated by the Syndics to the Press's Chief Executive, Peter Phillips, and the Press Board. Structure[edit]Cambridge University Press is a global organisation with three market facing publishing groups. These are: Academic publishing[edit]This group publishes academic books and journals across science, technology, medicine, humanities, and social sciences.[1. The group also publishes bibles, and the Press is one of only two publishers entitled to publish the Book of Common Prayer and the King James Version of the Bible in England.[1. Cambridge English Language Teaching (ELT)[edit]The Cambridge English group publishes English language teaching courses and resources for all ages around the world.[1. The group works closely with Cambridge English Language Assessment to provide solutions that improve language proficiency, aligned to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, or CEFR. Education[edit]The Education group delivers educational products and solutions for primary, secondary and international schools, and Education Ministries worldwide. On the main site of the Press. Electronic and digital developments[edit]Owing to the changes taking place in the way that books and content are bought and accessed, Cambridge believes that digital products, services and solutions could account for two- thirds of its sales by 2.
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